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“Only buy something that you’d be perfectly happy to hold if the market shut down for 10 years.”

— Warren Buffett

A key lesson we can learn from Warren Buffett, is about how to think about a potential stock investment in the context of a long-term time horizon. Every investor in a stock has a choice: bite our fingernails over the short-term ups and downs that are inevitable with the stock market, or, zero in on stocks we are comfortable to simply buy and hold for the long haul — maybe even a decade-long holding period. Heck, investors can even choose to completely ignore the stock market’s short-run quotations and instead go into their initial investment planning to hold on for years and years regardless of the fluctuations in price that might occur next.

Today, we examine what would have happened over a decade-long holding period, had you decided back in 2009 to buy shares of Citigroup Inc (NYSE: C) and simply hold through to today.

Start date: 04/24/2009
$10,000

04/24/2009
$23,014

04/23/2019
End date: 04/23/2019
Start price/share: $31.90
End price/share: $69.20
Starting shares: 313.48
Ending shares: 332.65
Dividends reinvested/share: $3.68
Total return: 130.19%
Average annual return: 8.69%
Starting investment: $10,000.00
Ending investment: $23,014.16

As we can see, the decade-long investment result worked out well, with an annualized rate of return of 8.69%. This would have turned a $10K investment made 10 years ago into $23,014.16 today (as of 04/23/2019). On a total return basis, that’s a result of 130.19% (something to think about: how might C shares perform over the next 10 years?). [These numbers were computed with the Dividend Channel DRIP Returns Calculator.]

Dividends are always an important investment factor to consider, and Citigroup Inc has paid $3.68/share in dividends to shareholders over the past 10 years we looked at above. Many an investor will only invest in stocks that pay dividends, so this component of total return is always an important consideration. Automated reinvestment of dividends into additional shares of stock can be a great way for an investor to compound their returns. The above calculations are done with the assuption that dividends received over time are reinvested (the calcuations use the closing price on ex-date).

Based upon the most recent annualized dividend rate of 1.8/share, we calculate that C has a current yield of approximately 2.60%. Another interesting datapoint we can examine is ‘yield on cost’ — in other words, we can express the current annualized dividend of 1.8 against the original $31.90/share purchase price. This works out to a yield on cost of 8.15%.

One more piece of investment wisdom to leave you with:
“Generally, the greater the stigma or revulsion, the better the bargain.” — Seth Klarman